CHEMISTRY

Chemistry is the art of separating the components of a mixture and recombining them into new compounds.


Lavoisier

Grades

11th – 12th Grade

11th Grade

Curriculum

Chemical Bonds

Lesson #
1

5.0

Ionic and covalent bonds
Chemical bonds between atoms in molecules
Electrostatic attraction in salt crystals
Intermolecular forces in a solid and liquid
Lewis electron dot structures
Shape of simple molecules and their polarity
Electronegativity and ionization energy–bond formation
Solids and liquids held together by Van der Waal’s forces

Stoichiometry

Lesson #
2

5.0

Writing balanced equations
Definition of the mole
Molar mass of a molecule from its chemical formula and a table of atomic masses (atomic weight)
Converting the mass of a molecular substance to moles
Number of particles or volume of gas at standard temperature and pressure
Masses of reactants and products in a chemical reaction
Percent yield in a chemical reaction
Oxidation and reduction reactions
Balancing oxidation-reduction reactions

Acids and Bases

Lesson #
3

5.0

Properties of acids, bases, and salt solutions
Acids and bases
Strong acids and strong bases
Weak acids and weak bases
pH scales pH tests
Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry, and Lewis acid-base definitions
Calculating pH from the hydrogen ion concentration
pH in acid-base reactions

Gases

Lesson #
4

5.0

Random motion of molecules and their collisions with a surface
Random motion of molecules and diffusion of gases
Applying the gas laws to relations between the pressure, temperature, and volume
Standard temperature and pressure (STP)
Convert between Celsius and Kelvin temperature scales
Kinetic theory of gases
Problems using the ideal gas law in the form PV=nRT
Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures
Graham’s Law to describe the diffusion of gases

Chemical Solutions

Lesson #
5

5.0

Definitions of solute and solvent.
Dissolving process as a result of random molecular motion.
Temperature, pressure, and surface area–their effect the dissolving process.
Concentration of a solute in terms of grams per liter, molarity, parts per million, and percent composition.
Relationship between the molality of solute in a solution, and the solution’s freezing point depression or boiling point elevation.
Chromatography
Distillation

Rates of Chemical Reactions

Lesson #
6

5.0

Rate of reaction and factors that affect it
Role a catalyst in reaction rates
Definition and Role of activation energy in a chemical reaction

Chemical Equilibrium

Lesson #
7

5.0

Le Chatelier’s Principle
Forward and reverse reaction rates and equilibrium
Equilibrium constant expression for a reaction

Thermodynamics and Physical Chemistry

Lesson #
8

5.0

Temperature and heat flow related to the motion of particles.
Endothermic and exothermic chemical processes.
Endergonic and exergonic chemical processes.
Problems involving heat flow and temperature changes.
Hess’s Law to calculate enthalpy change in a reaction.
Gibbs free energy equation to determine whether a reaction would be spontaneous.

Introduction to Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry

Lesson #
9

5.0

Formation of large molecules and polymers
Bonding characteristics of carbon
Amino acids as building blocks of proteins
Naming simple hydrocarbons
Functional groups
R-group structure of amino acids
Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary protein structure

Introduction to Nuclear Chemistry

Lesson #
10

5.0

Protons and neutrons
Nuclear forces
Electromagnetic repulsion between the protons
Nuclear fusion
Nuclear fission
Radioactive isotopes
Alpha, beta, and gamma decay
Alpha, beta, and gamma radiation
Calculating half-life and amount of radioactive material remaining
Nuclear substructure

12th Grade

Curriculum

Atoms, Molecules and Stoichiometry

Lesson #
1

5.0

Behavior of beams of protons, neutrons and electrons in electric fields
Distribution of mass and charge within an atom
Shapes of s and p orbitals
Electronic configuration of atoms and ions from proton (atomic) number and charge
Factors influencing the ionization energies of elements
Successive ionization energy data of an element and the the position of that element within the Periodic Table

8 Reaction Kinetics

Lesson #
2

5.0

Collision theory and the effect of concentration changes on the rate of a reaction.
Effect of temperature: on reaction rates and rate constants and the concept of activation energy
Collision frequency, temperature, activation energy, Boltzmann distribution and the rate of a reaction.
Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts including enzymes

Atomic Structure

Lesson #
3

5.0

Study of Atoms that consist of an extremely small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons

Chemical Bonding

Lesson #
4

5.0

Learn about any of the interactions that account for the association of atoms into molecules, ions, crystals, and other stable species that make up the familiar substances of the everyday world.

States of Matter

Lesson #
5

5.0

Learn about Gases, liquids, and solids are all made up of microscopic particles, but the behaviors of these particles differ in the three phases.

Chemical Energetics

Lesson #
6

5.0

Chemical energy is the potential energy stored in the arrangements, or bonding, of atoms in a substance.

Electrochemistry

Lesson #
7

5.0

Learn about the electron movement in an oxidation or reduction reaction at a polarized electrode surface.

Equilibria

Lesson #
8

5.0

Learn about conditions in the course of a reversible chemical reaction in which no net change in the amounts of reactants and products occurs.

Reaction Kinetics

Lesson #
9

5.0

Learn about the investigation of chemical reaction rates and the molecular processes by which reactions occur where transport is not limiting.